Summary: This trial aims to investigate whether analgesic ear drops added to usual care provide superior ear pain relief over usual care alone in children presenting to primary care with AOM. Children will be randomly allocated (ratio 1:1) to either 1) lidocaine hydrochloride 5mg/g ear drops (Otalgan) 1-2 drops up to six times daily for a maximum of 7 days in addition to usual care (oral analgesics, with/w...

Summary: Many ambulatory networks are mainly based on diagnoses made by first-line physicians not specifically trained to join the network. Here we aim to set up a surveillance network on pediatric infectious diseases with an investment in teaching with specific trainings of participating pediatricians, increasing in use of point of care tests, and automated data extraction from the computers of the pediat...

Summary: Strengthening outpatient low respiratory tract infection surveillance to document the burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

Summary: After pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation, the number of acute otitis media (AOM) episodes has decreased, but AOM still remains among the most common diagnoses in childhood. From 2% to 17% of cases of AOM feature spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM). The aim of this study was to describe the bacteriological causes of SPTM several years after PCV13 implementation, in 20...

Summary: Introduction In 2019, France was the 4th highest consumer of antibiotics in Europe. Among the interventions proposed to reduce antibiotic prescribing, delayed prescribing deserves particular attention. The effectiveness of delayed antibiotic prescription in reducing antibiotic consumption remains poorly studied in the literature, and no study has yet been conducted in France. The main objective of...

Summary: Reducing inappropriate antibiotic use is a key strategy to mitigate antibiotic resistance and adverse health effects associated with antibiotic exposure. The Broad Implementation of Outpatient Stewardship (BIOS) project focuses on broadly implementing an evidence-based intervention to improve antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections in pediatric outpatient settings. Primary ai...

Summary: This pilot study wants to determine to which extent SPCCT allows obtaining images with improved quality and diagnostic confidence when compared to standard Dual Energy CT (DECT), both with and without contrast agent injection. Depending on the anatomical structures/organs to be visualized during CT examinations, different scanning protocols are performed with quite variable ionizing radiation dose...

Summary: The investigators seek to conduct a prospective, longitudinal study to identify the dynamic changes in nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization patterns and acute otitis media (AOM) etiology involving antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) and Haemophilus influenzae (Hflu).

Summary: The investigators will conduct a prospective observational study of non-invasive S. pneumoniae infections in Belgium and characterize serotype distributions to evaluate national vaccination programs.

Summary: A Phase II randomized, placebo controlled study design of anakinra (Kineret) in corticosteroid-resistant or intolerant Meniere's disease (CR-MD)and corticosteroid-resistant or intolerant autoimmune inner ear disease (CR-AIED) patients. Patients will be randomized by a 2:1 allocation to anakinra or placebo for 42 continuous days. After day 42, a second placebo-controlled period will begin for an ad...

Summary: This observational study evaluates the effects of cochlear implantation in patients with deafness in one ear.

Background: Disorders of hearing instability (HI) are poorly characterized and ineffectively treated. HI can cause fluctuations in hearing thresholds and speech understanding. Researchers want to use a specialized form of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and blood tests to learn more about HI.