Background: The number of cases requiring surgical resection for pulmonary aspergillosis has increased in recent years.

Methods: From April 2008 to March 2019, 10 patients underwent pulmonary resection for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis(CPA) in our hospital.

Results: Five patients were diagnosed with simple pulmonary aspergilloma (SPA) and 5 were diagnosed with chronic progressive pulmonary aspergillosis( CPPA). The median age was 73 years, and 8 patients were men. A history of tuberculosis was present in 2 cases, diabetes was present in 3 cases, and prednisolone( PSL) administration was performed in 3 cases. The operative procedures included 1 pneumonectomy, 4 lobectomies, 1 segmentectomy, and 4 wedge resections. The median surgery time was 220.5 minutes, and the median blood loss was 301 ml, requiring perioperative transfusion in 2 cases. Postoperative pneumonia was observed in 2 cases. The median postoperative observation period was 11.5 months, and 6 out of 8 patients did not show postoperative recurrences.

Conclusions: Although patients with pulmonary aspergillosis have a high rate of underlying disease and it is necessary to pay attention to postoperative complications, it has been shown that surgery can be performed safely on these patients by selecting appropriate cases and surgical procedures.