Emergence delirium is a significant problem, particularly in children. However the incidence, preventative strategies, and management of emergence delirium remain unclear. Multichannel electroencephalogram is a recognized tool for identifying neurophysiologic states during anesthesia, sleep, and arousal. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the mechanisms and predictors of emergence delirium in children under 16 years scheduled for elective surgery using electroencephalogram. The Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scores (PAED Score) (Sikich et al. 2004) is used to screen for the occurrence of emergence delirium in the post anesthesia care unit.