Elucidating Neural Mechanisms of Hypo/Mania Using Theta Burst Stimulation
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a common and highly debilitating psychiatric disorder, however, the predisposing brain mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, the investigators aim to examine the immediate effect of transcranial brain stimulation (TBS) on brain activity and emotions in adults with and without BD as a first stage toward understanding the predisposing brain mechanisms of BD. The investigators hypothesize that TBS will reduce brain activity while playing a game with rewards in all adults, but the TBS will reduce brain activity more in the adults with BD compared to adults without BD. Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize that this reduced brain activity will be associated with reduced BD symptoms, such as negative emotions.
• All participants
‣ 18-35 years of age
⁃ Scoring less than or equal to 8 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) at screen visit
• Participants with Bipolar Disorder (BD)
‣ Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder I/II (BDI/II) (DSM-5 criteria) in remission (euthymic for \>2 months) or with mild-moderate hypomania
⁃ \<15 on the Young Mania Rating Scale
⁃ Not psychotic
⁃ \<3 on delusions, hallucinations, unusual thought content, and conceptual disorganization items of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
⁃ Unmedicated or on any combination (except antidepressant monotherapy) of anxiolytics (benzodiazepines, buspirone, pregabalin, hydroxyzine) as needed, and/or atypical antipsychotics, and/or lithium, and/or other mood stabilizers, and/or non-SNRI antidepressants and/or non benzodiazepine hypnotics taken for \>2 months, as these are commonly-prescribed medications for BD
• Participants without Bipolar Disorder
‣ No present or lifetime history of BD or psychiatric disorder other than anxiety or non BD mood disorders
⁃ Not in a current depressive episode
⁃ No family history of BD