Experimental: Palliative Care Intervention, TARGET-PC

Patients randomly assigned to TARGET-PC will receive the palliative care intervention in addition to usual oncology care. Palliative care intervention visits will be conducted by a palliative care physician or advanced practice provider either in-person or with hospital-approved videoconference technology. Patients will be scheduled for their first palliative care visit within four weeks of randomization. Subsequent palliative care intervention visits will be scheduled every four weeks until the patient completes visit five. If a patient cannot be scheduled for intervention visits within four weeks, the palliative care clinician will contact them via telephone within four weeks of their prior contact to maintain their relationship and rapport. Palliative care clinicians will be permitted to conduct an intervention visit over the phone or video if they feel it is appropriate based on the patient's health status.

Active_comparator: Enhanced Usual Care

The oncology clinicians (physicians and advanced practice providers) of patients randomly assigned to the enhanced usual care condition will receive electronic prompts, encouraging them to discuss and document their patient's care preferences for up to five months after the patient is randomized. The prompts will be sent electronically. The research assistant will send the first electronic prompt on the morning of the outpatient oncology appointment immediately following the visit at which the patient provided informed consent for the study. Subsequent electronic prompts will be sent on the morning of outpatient oncology appointments for five months, but no more often than every four weeks.