Comparison of the Effects of Personal Versus Hospital-Provided Dolls on Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Delirium in Preschool Children
The goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of personal versus hospital-provided dolls on preoperative anxiety and postoperative delirium in preschool children aged 3-7 years undergoing elective adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is the use of a personal doll or a hospital-provided doll associated with lower preoperative anxiety compared with no doll use? * Is dolls used associated with a reduced incidence and severity of postoperative emergence delirium? * Researchers will compare children accompanied by a hospital-provided doll, children accompanied by their personal doll, and children with no doll to assess differences in preoperative anxiety levels, serum cortisol concentrations, and postoperative delirium scores. Participants will: * Be observed in one of three exposure groups (hospital-provided doll, personal doll, or no doll) * Undergo standardized preoperative anxiety assessments at predefined time points * Have serum cortisol levels measured during routine intravenous cannulation * Be assessed for postoperative delirium in the recovery unit
• Female children aged 3-7 years
• Scheduled for elective adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy under general anesthesia
• Able to communicate verbally
• ASA physical status I or II, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification
• Written informed consent obtained from a parent or legal guardian