Because clinical studies are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reactions rates observed in the clinical studies of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical studies of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
The incidence rates presented below are based on combined data from six placebo-controlled trials involving once-daily administration of terazosin at doses ranging from 1 to 20 mg. Table 1 summarizes those adverse events reported for patients in these trials when the incidence rate in the terazosin group was at least 1% and was greater than that for the placebo group, or where the reaction is of clinical interest.
Asthenia, postural hypotension, dizziness, somnolence, nasal congestion/rhinitis, and impotence were the only events that were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) more common in patients receiving terazosin than in patients receiving placebo. The incidence of urinary tract infection was significantly lower in the patients receiving terazosin than in patients receiving placebo. An analysis of the incidence rate of hypotensive adverse reactions
Additional adverse reactions have been reported, but these are, in general, not distinguishable from symptoms that might have occurred in the absence of exposure to terazosin. The safety profile of patients treated in the long-term open-label study was similar to that observed in the controlled studies.
Adverse reactions were usually transient and mild or moderate in intensity, but sometimes were serious enough to interrupt treatment. In the placebo-controlled clinical trials, the rates of premature termination due to adverse reactions were not statistically different between the placebo and terazosin groups. Adverse reactions that were bothersome, reported as the reason for discontinuation of therapy by at least 0.5% of the terazosin group and reported more often than in the placebo group are shown in Table 2.
Hypertension
The prevalence rates presented below are based on combined data from fourteen placebo-controlled studies involving once-daily administration of terazosin, as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, at doses ranging from 1 to 40 mg. Table 3 summarizes those adverse reactions reported for patients in these trials where the prevalence rate in the terazosin group was at least 5%, where the prevalence rate for the terazosin group was at least 2% and was greater than the prevalence rate for the placebo group, or where the reaction is of particular interest. Asthenia, blurred vision, dizziness, nasal congestion, nausea, peripheral edema, palpitations and somnolence were the only symptoms that were significantly (p < 0.05) more common in patients receiving terazosin than in patients receiving placebo. Similar adverse reaction rates were observed in placebo-controlled monotherapy trials.
The following adverse reactions associated with the use of terazosin were identified in clinical studies (≥1%) or during post-approval use of terazosin. Because some of these reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure:
Body as a Whole: edema, facial edema;
Cardiovascular System: chest pain, arrhythmia, vasodilation;
Digestive System: abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, flatulence, vomiting;
Metabolic/Nutritional Disorders: gout;
Musculoskeletal System: arthralgia, arthritis, joint disorder, myalgia, neck pain, shoulder pain;
Nervous System: anxiety, insomnia, nervousness, depression;
Respiratory System: bronchitis, cold symptoms, epistaxis, increased cough, pharyngitis;
Skin and Appendages: pruritus, rash, sweating;
Special Senses: abnormal vision, conjunctivitis, tinnitus;
Urogenital System: urinary frequency, urinary incontinence primarily reported in postmenopausal women;
Adverse reactions were usually mild or moderate in intensity but sometimes were serious enough to interrupt treatment. The adverse reactions that were most bothersome, reported as reason for discontinuation therapy by at least 0.5% of the terazosin group and being reported more often than in the placebo group are shown in Table 4.