Comparison of Hemodynamic Effect Between the Spinal Anesthesia and Saddle Block Using Levobupivacaine During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Cardiac Elderly Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the most common surgical intervention for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. TURP is mostly applied to elderly patients with hypertension and problems with breathing, circulation system, and kidney functions; therefore, it becomes very important to keep a stable anesthesia that will minimize the hemodynamic differences in these patients. General anesthesia causes more hemodynamic differences than regional anesthesia. Thus, regional anesthesia is highly preferable in TURP applications.
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) III,
• with Ischemic Heart Disease (history of Myocardial Ischemia,
• a history of a positive treadmill test result (Electro Cardio Graph stress test),
• use of nitroglycerin, chronic stable angina for more than two months, or an ECG with abnormal Q waves), with ejection fraction (EF) 35%-50%,