Negative Serology by Immunoenzymatic Test (EIA) in HIV-infected Children Treated Early With Antiretroviral in the ANRS-Pediacam Study: Pathophysiological Mechanisms
The objective of the study is to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the induction and maintenance of negative serologies by EIA tests in HIV-infected children treated early with HAART in the ANRS 12225-Pediacam III cohort in Cameroon The hypothesis of better control of HIV infection through interactions between immunological, viral, and genetic factors was made to build the following objectives: * Immunological aspect: lack of humoral response or immune activation * Virological aspect: Reduced HIV reservoir size * Determine the HLA phenotype in the different groups of children included and the KIR genotypes.
⁃ Case control study
• Children included and followed in the ANRS 12225 study - Pediacam III
• Having plasma samples in the bio bank during the above-mentioned periods Case:children with at least one negative HIV serology made by ELISA, permanent or transientduring follow-up.
⁃ Control (4 groups)
• HIV-infected children with positive serology and viral load (VL) \<400 copies /ml
• HIV-infected children with positive serology and VL ≥400 copies / ml
• HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-positive mothers
• HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-uninfected mothers Selection of cases and controls will be matched on gestational age (premature \<37, term ≥37 weeks) and year of birth (2007-2008 and 2009-2010).
⁃ Cross sectional study Inclusion criteria
• All children still followed in the ANRS - Pediacam III cohort
• Written consent of one of the parents or the guardian and assent of the child if aged ≥ 11 years and complete disclosure of HIV statusfor infected children for participation to the study.