• Pathologically documented NSCLC:

• Newly diagnosed early-stage NSCLC stages IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, or selected IIIB (T3N2 only) NSCLC of squamous or non-squamous histology. Staging should be based on the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)/Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) NSCLC staging system.

• T4 primary NSCLC will be allowed only on the basis of size. Invasion of the diaphragm, mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodules in a different ipsilateral lobe is not permitted.

• All patients will undergo clinical staging using CT and PET scanning, as well as brain imaging using MRI. Invasive mediastinal staging by either mediastinoscopyor endo- bronchial ultrasonography is highly encouraged for patients with radiographically suspected mediastinal nodal disease (ie, N2) but not mandated if the CT or PET scans showed no evidence of N2 disease.

• Molecular testing results from CLIA-certified laboratories and showing at least one of the following abnormalities: ALK fusion, ROS1 fusion, NTRK1/2/3 fusion; BRAF V600 mutation (enrollment closed); RET fusion (enrollment closed), PD-L1, KRAS G12C expression in ≥ 1% tumor cells as determined by FDA-approved test.

• Measurable disease, as defined by RECIST v1.1

• NSCLC must have a solid or subsolid appearance on CT scan and cannot have a purely ground glass opacity appearance. For subsolid lesions, the tumor size (i.e., clinical T stage) should be measured based on the solid component only, exclusive of the ground glass opacity component.

• Evaluated by the attending surgeon prior to study enrollment to verify that the primary tumor and any involved lymph nodes are technically completely resectable and verify that the participant is medically operable

• Adequate pulmonary function to be eligible for surgical resection with curative intent

• Adequate cardiac function to be eligible for surgical resection with curative intent

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1

• Adequate hematologic and end-organ function

• Negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test at screening for cohort

• Negative total hepatitits B core antibody (HBcAb) test at screening for cohort, or positive total HBcAb test followed by a negative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA test at screening

• Negative hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody test at screening, or positive HCV antibody test followed by a negative HCV RNA test at screening

• Male participants must be willing to use acceptable methods of contraception

• Female participants of childbearing potential must agree to use acceptable methods of contraception

• Participants whose tumors lack radiographic progression

• ECOG Performance Status of 0 or 1

• Adequate hematologic and end-organ function