• Voluntarily sign the informed consent form and comply with the protocol requirements;

• No gender restrictions;

• Age ≥18 years and ≤75 years;

• Expected survival time ≥3 months;

• Subjects must agree to complete ctDNA testing during the screening period;

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients;

• Agree to provide archived or fresh tumor tissue samples from primary or metastatic lesions;

• Must have at least one measurable lesion as defined by RECIST v1.1;

• Performance status score: ECOG ≤1;

⁃ Toxicity from prior anti-tumor therapy has recovered to ≤ Grade 1 as defined by NCI-CTCAE v5.0;

⁃ No severe cardiac dysfunction, with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥50%;

⁃ Organ function levels must meet the requirements without transfusion, albumin, colony-stimulating factors, any cell growth factors, and/or platelet-raising drugs within 14 days before the first dose of the study drug;

⁃ Coagulation function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤1.5, and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤1.5 × ULN;

⁃ Urine protein ≤1+ or ≤1000 mg/24h;

⁃ Female subjects of childbearing potential or male subjects with partners of childbearing potential must use highly effective contraception from 7 days before the first dose until 24 weeks after the last dose. Female subjects of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days before the first dose.