This study aims to explore the imaging and electrophysiological characteristics of idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs), and their correlation with clinical manifestations. It also evaluates the effectiveness of transcranial electrical stimulation in alleviating clinical symptoms of IIDDs patients, and analyzes the key factors affecting the treatment efficacy. By uncovering the overall and individual characteristics of IIDDs, this study seeks to enhance therapeutic outcomes through personalized neuromodulation programs. The findings will provide a basis for applying non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in IIDDs treatment and offer new ideas for future personalized medicine approaches.