Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal (SCAC) Treatments

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety population described in Warnings and Precautions reflects exposure to ZYNYZ 500 mg as an intravenous infusion every 4 weeks in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in 154 patients with SCAC enrolled in the POD1UM-303 trial, and as a single agent in 94 patients with SCAC in the POD1UM-202 trial, 107 patients with MCC in the POD1UM-201 trial, and 251 patients with other solid tumors. All patients received ZYNYZ until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity; those in the POD1UM-202 and POD1UM-201 trials received ZYNYZ for up to 24 months and those in the POD1UM-303 trial received ZYNYZ for up to 12 months. The median duration of exposure of the pooled monotherapy population was 5.4 months (range: 1 day to 27 months).

The safety of ZYNYZ in patients with inoperable locally recurrent or metastatic SCAC was evaluated in 154 patients enrolled in the POD1UM-303 trial

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 47% of patients receiving ZYNYZ in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥ 2% of patients) were sepsis (3.2%), pulmonary embolism (3.2%), diarrhea (2.6%), and vomiting (2.6%).

In patients receiving ZYNYZ in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel, ZYNYZ was permanently discontinued due to an adverse reaction in 11% of patients. Adverse reactions that resulted in permanent discontinuation of ZYNYZ included immune-mediated enterocolitis (2 patients), warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, adrenal insufficiency, blood bilirubin increased, AST increased, blood alkaline phosphatase increased, arthritis, encephalopathy, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, hypothyroidism, immune‑mediated cholangitis, pruritus, malaise, and rash (1 patient each).

Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction, excluding temporary interruptions due to infusion-related reactions, occurred in 55% of patients who received ZYNYZ in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Adverse reactions that resulted in dosage interruptions in ≥ 2% of patients were neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, fatigue, COVID-19, and urinary tract infection.

The most common (≥ 20%) adverse reactions were fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, nausea, alopecia, diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, constipation, hemorrhage, rash, vomiting, decreased appetite, pruritus, and abdominal pain.

Table 3 and Table 4 summarize adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, that occurred in POD1UM-303.

The safety of ZYNYZ in patients with platinum-refractory intolerant locally recurrent or metastatic SCAC was evaluated in 94 patients in the POD1UM‑202 trial

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 40% of patients receiving ZYNYZ. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥ 2% of patients) were non-urinary tract infection, perineal pain, abdominal pain, anemia, hemorrhage, diarrhea, pyrexia, urinary tract infection, musculoskeletal pain, and dyspnea.

Permanent discontinuation of ZYNYZ due to an adverse reaction occurred in 4.3% of patients. These adverse reactions included diarrhea, non-urinary tract infection, perineal pain, and rash.

Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 21% of patients who received ZYNYZ. Adverse reactions that resulted in dose delay in ≥ 2% of patients who received ZYNYZ were non-urinary tract infection, rash, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hemorrhage, musculoskeletal pain, pyrexia, and urinary tract infection.

The most common (≥ 10%) adverse reactions that occurred in patients receiving ZYNYZ were fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, non-urinary tract infections, perineal pain, hemorrhage, urinary tract infection, rash, nausea, decreased appetite, constipation, abdominal pain, dyspnea, pyrexia, vomiting, cough, pruritus, hypothyroidism, headache, and decreased weight.

Table 5 and Table 6 summarize adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, that occurred in POD1UM-202.

The safety of ZYNYZ was evaluated in 107 patients enrolled in the POD1UM-201 trial with metastatic or recurrent locally advanced MCC

Serious adverse reactions occurred in 26% of patients receiving ZYNYZ. The most frequent serious adverse reactions (≥ 2% of patients) were fatigue, arrhythmia, and pneumonitis.

Permanent discontinuation of ZYNYZ due to an adverse reaction occurred in 21% of patients. These included asthenia, colitis, demyelinating polyneuropathy, diarrhea, drug hypersensitivity, eosinophilic fasciitis, hepatitis, hypophysitis, increased transaminases, infusion-related reaction, pancreatitis, polyarthritis, radiculopathy, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and tubulointerstitial nephritis (1 patient each).

Dosage interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 39% of patients who received ZYNYZ. Adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities that required dosage interruption in > 2% of patients who received ZYNYZ were increased transaminases, increased lipase, increased amylase, and pyrexia.

The most common (≥ 10%) adverse reactions that occurred in patients receiving ZYNYZ were musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, pruritus, diarrhea, rash, pyrexia, nausea, and constipation.

Table 7 and Table 8 summarize adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, that occurred in POD1UM-201.