Monocytes in Subjects With Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
This is a cross-sectional study in patients with Type 1 diabetes (TID) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) to test if time in range (TIR) affects the degree of hyperglycemia required for monocyte activation, podocyte injury, and assess if monocyte activation is attenuated by glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) agonist treatment ex vivo.
• T1D CKD subjects:
‣ Adults, males or females diagnosed with T1D
⁃ Age 18-65 years
⁃ Diagnosed with CKD (eGFR 60-90 ml/min/1.73 m2)
⁃ Diagnosed with albuminuria (UACR 30-500 mg/g)
⁃ On insulin injections or pump
⁃ On CGM
• Based on baseline CGM metrics, the investigators will stratify subjects to 2 groups Group A (Lower TIR group): TIR\<60%, A1c 7.5-9.5 Group B (Higher TIR group): TIR\>70% A1c 5.0-7.0
• Controls: T1D subjects without CKD
‣ Adults, males or females diagnosed with T1D
⁃ Age 18-65 years
⁃ No CKD (eGFR \>90 ml/min/1.73 m2)
⁃ No albuminuria (UACR \<30 mg/g)
⁃ On insulin injections or pump
⁃ On CGM
∙ Based on baseline CGM metrics, the investigators will stratify subjects to 2 groups Group A (Lower TIR group): TIR\<60%, A1c 7.5-9.5 Group B (Higher TIR group): TIR\>70% A1c 5.0-7.0