Effects of Combined Menopausal Hormone Therapy and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy on Glucose and Energy Homeostasis in Early Postmenopausal Women With or at Risk of Diabetes
The overall aim is to investigate the hypothesis that restoring E2 levels through MHT improves glucose and energy homeostasis and potentiates the beneficial effects of GLP-1RA in early postmenopausal women with pre- or existing type 2 diabetes. The primary objective is to assess the efficacy of combined MHT and GLP-1RA in improving glucose control in early postmenopausal women with pre- or existing type 2 diabetes, compared to GLP-1RA alone. Secondary objectives include efficacy analyses on body weight, other measures of cardiometabolic health, lifestyle behaviour, menopausal symptoms, and the exploration of mechanisms underpinning potential glycaemic and weight control benefits, and biomarkers of haemostasis.
• Early postmenopausal status (STRAW+10 stage +1b or +1c and FSH\>25.0mU/L)
• Presence of menopausal symptoms (total MRS-II score ≥1)
• BMI ≥ 27.0kg/m2
• Pre- or existing type 2 diabetes (HbA1c 5.7%-8.5%)
• No prior or current use of MHT