Thoracic Neuromodulation for Diabetic Gastroparesis
The global incidence of diabetes is rising. Gastroparesis is a significant complication of diabetes that results in debilitating symptoms and affects quality of life. Current treatment options for diabetic gastroparesis are limited. Significant visceral afferent neuropathy is associated with diabetic gastroparesis and sympathetic overactivity is seen in nausea, both type 1 and 2 diabetes, and diabetic complications. These dysfunctions can result from neuropathy affecting the thoracic spinal nerves that carry both general visceral afferents and preganglionic sympathetic efferents in the greater splanchnic nerve, innervating the foregut. Neuromodulation of the thoracic spinal nerves should improve diabetic gastroparesis symptoms and restore quality of life by improving neuropathy and gastric sensori-motor function. The investigators has developed and refined a novel, noninvasive, neuromodulation treatment, Thoracic Spinal Nerve Magnetic Neuromodulation Therapy (ThorS-MagNT). In an uncontrolled trial of adults with diabetic gastroparesis, ThorS-MagNT the investigators demonstrated feasibility, acceptability, and improvement of DGp symptoms. Whether active neuromodulation is better than sham therapy and the optimal frequency of treatment are not known. The investigators propose to conduct a dose-ranging, sham-controlled trial (pilot NIH Stage 1b) to assess the effect of ThorS-MagNT on symptom severity and quality of life in diabetic gastroparesis (TNM-DGp Trial). The investigators will test the hypothesis that ThorS-MagNT will improve visceral afferent neuropathy, autonomic and gastric dysfunction, compared to sham. The investigators will also test whether any improvements are due to neuromodulation of (a) peripheral spino-gut axis or (b) central structures of the limbic system and autonomic network, or both. Successful completion of this pilot study will provide insights into gastroparesis disease processes and inform mechanisms of action of neuromodulation therapy in addressing disruption of the brain-gut axis. Expected outcomes include development of a novel, non-invasive, safe and efficacious therapy for diabetic gastroparesis. These efforts will inform future true efficacy testing in an NIH Stage 2 trial using multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) design.
• Outpatient DGp patients with refractory symptoms and total ANMS GCSI-DD score ≥ 2.0 (moderate-severe severity) during screening period;
• Men or women age less than 85;
• No known mucosal disease;
• Speak, write, and understand English (by self-report);
• On stable doses of any medication for 30 days prior to entering the study (exceptions are psychotropic, opioids, and/or illicit drugs) and agrees not to change medications or dosages during the study period.