Summary: Preterm babies often have trouble breathing because their lungs are not fully developed. This condition is called respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). A medicine called surfactant helps their lungs open up and work better. It is usually given through a procedure called INSURE, where a breathing tube is placed into the baby's trachea (via an endotracheal tube) to deliver the medicine. While effecti...

Summary: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is common in very preterm infants due to surfactant deficiency. Surfactant replacement therapy is lifesaving, and current guidelines recommend the less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) technique. However, the optimal duration of surfactant instillation during LISA has never been systematically evaluated. Rapid instillation may provoke transient hypoxia ...

Summary: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common cause of respiratory failure in preterm infants and is frequently treated with surfactant therapy. With the increasing use of noninvasive ventilation, less invasive methods of surfactant administration have been developed. In the technique known as Less Invasive Surfactant Administration (LISA), surfactant is delivered into the trachea through a thin...