Summary: Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a rare syndrome defined by consistently low CD4 T cell counts (\<300/mm3) without evidence of HIV infection or other known immunodeficiency. Patients with ICL are at risk for opportunistic infections typically associated with HIV/AIDS such as disseminated cryptococcal infection and severe human papillomavirus-related dysplasia. More than 20 years since the d...

Summary: This phase II/III trial compares the effect of adding durvalumab to chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone before surgery in treating patients with upper urinary tract cancer. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as durvalumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs, such as methotrexat...

Background: \- White blood cells called granulocytes help the body fight infection. People who have had chemotherapy or bone marrow transplants may have very low numbers of these cells. Transfusions of these cells can help improve the body's ability to fight infection. However, most of the cells are located in the bone marrow or spleen, and are hard to collect from healthy donors. Two drugs, filgrastim and de...

Background: Blood cancers (such as leukemias or lymphomas) often do not respond to standard treatments. A transplant of blood stem cells from a healthy donor can help people with these cancers. Sometimes these transplants cause serious side effects, including a common immunologic problem called graft-versus-host disease. A drug called cyclophosphamide given early after the transplant (post-transplantation cyc...

Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of administering high-dose chemotherapy followed by infusion of autologous CD34-selected peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in pediatric and adult patients with severe Crohn's disease.

Summary: This phase II trial studies how well gemcitabine hydrochloride and cisplatin work in treating participants with invasive bladder urothelial cancer. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as gemcitabine hydrochloride and cisplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading.

Background: \- Gene therapy is being investigated as a possible treatment for individuals with immunodeficiency diseases or other conditions that make it difficult to fight off infection. Gene therapy avoids problems with donor identification and possible rejection of bone marrow transplant by using the patient s own modified blood cells to help treat the disease. Researchers are interested in collecting stem...

Background: * Stem cell transplants from related donors (allogenic stem cell transplants) can be used to treat individuals with certain kinds of severe blood diseases or cancers, such as severe anemia. Allogenic stem cell transplants encourage the growth of new bone marrow to replace that of the recipient. Because stem cell transplants can have serious complications, researchers are interested in developing n...

Summary: Bone marrow transplants (BMT) are one form of treatment for disorders of the blood, including leukemia. However, because the procedure is often associated with potentially life-threatening reactions, it is usually reserved for patients with serious illnesses under the age of 60 years old. One serious reaction complicating bone marrow transplants is referred to as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). ...

Summary: This prospective trial investigates the approach of G-CSF with risk-adapted Plerixafor use for stem cell mobilization in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. Since FDA approval in 2008, Plerixafor has been combined with G-CSF to mobilize stem cells, though this regimen has been associated with a potentially higher incidence of engraftment syndrome. The trial aims to evaluate w...

Summary: This is an open-label, comprehensive, iterative investigation of evaluating the use of induction chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy, and focal radiation therapy in children with newly diagnosed Embryonal Tumor With Multilayered Rosettes (ETMR).

Background: Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are bone marrow diseases. People with these diseases usually need a bone marrow transplant. Researchers are testing ways to make stem cell transplant safer and more effective.