Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of ZEGALOGUE cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

In clinical trials, 316 adult patients with type 1 diabetes and 20 pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes were exposed to ZEGALOGUE.

The data in Table 1 reflect exposure of 116 adult patients to ZEGALOGUE in 2 placebo-controlled trials (mean age 40 years). Table 2 reflects exposure of 20 pediatric patients exposed to ZEGALOGUE in a placebo-controlled trial. Eight patients were 7 to 11 years old, and 12 were 12 to 17 years old

As with all therapeutic peptides, there is a potential for immunogenicity with ZEGALOGUE. The detection of antibody formation is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Additionally, the observed incidence of antibody (including neutralizing antibody) positivity in an assay may be influenced by several factors including assay methodology, sample handling, timing of sample collection, concomitant medications, and underlying disease. For these reasons, comparison of the incidence of antibodies to ZEGALOGUE with the incidence of antibodies to other products may be misleading.

In clinical trials, 4/498 (<1%) of ZEGALOGUE-treated patients developed treatment-emergent anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). Two patients receiving a single dose of ZEGALOGUE had detectable ADAs to dasiglucagon for at least 14 months after dosing. One ADA-positive patient receiving multiple doses of ZEGALOGUE had ADAs with transient neutralizing activity and with cross-reactivity against native glucagon. Although no safety or efficacy concerns were noted for these ADA-positive subjects, it is unknown whether ADAs may affect pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and/or effectiveness of the drug

Trial A, NCT03378635: A total of 170 patients were randomized 2:1:1 to ZEGALOGUE, placebo, and glucagon for injection, stratified by injection sites (abdominal region, buttocks, thigh). The mean age of the patients was 39.1 years (96% were < 65 years), and the mean duration of diabetes was 20.0 years; 63% were male; 92% were White. The mean baseline plasma glucose was 58.8 mg/dL. The median time to plasma glucose recovery was statistically significantly shorter for ZEGALOGUE (10 minutes) versus placebo (40 minutes) (Table 4). Figure 3 shows the cumulative proportions of patients achieving plasma glucose recovery over time. The median time to plasma glucose recovery was numerically similar between ZEGALOGUE (10 minutes) and glucagon for injection (12 minutes).

Trial B, NCT03688711: A total of 45 patients were randomized 3:1 to ZEGALOGUE and placebo stratified by injection sites (buttocks, deltoid). The mean age of the patients was 41.0 years (95% were < 65 years), and the mean duration of diabetes was 22.5 years; 57% were male; 93% were White. The mean baseline plasma glucose was 55.0 mg/dL. The median time to plasma glucose recovery was statistically significantly shorter for ZEGALOGUE (10 minutes) versus placebo (35 minutes) (Table 4).

Trial C, NCT03667053: Pediatric patients aged 6 to 17 years and weighing ≥20 kg, were randomized 2:1:1 to ZEGALOGUE, placebo, and glucagon for injection, stratified by injection sites (abdominal region, thigh) and age groups (6-11 years and 12-17 years). A total of 42 patients were randomized. The mean age was 12.5 years (range 7 to 17 years), and the mean duration of diabetes was 5.9 years; 56% were male; 95% were White. The mean baseline plasma glucose was 72.0 mg/dL. The median time to plasma glucose recovery was statistically significantly shorter for ZEGALOGUE (10 minutes) versus placebo (30 minutes) (Table 5). Figure 4 shows the cumulative proportions of pediatric patients achieving plasma glucose recovery over time. The median time to plasma glucose recovery was numerically similar between ZEGALOGUE (10 minutes) and glucagon for injection (10 minutes).