The efficacy of RHAPSIDO for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in adult patients who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment was evaluated in two identical, 52-week, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (REMIX-1 [NCT05030311] and REMIX-2 [NCT05032157]).
REMIX-1 and REMIX-2 enrolled a total of 925 adult patients, diagnosed with CSU inadequately controlled despite treatment with H1 antihistamines, as defined by the presence of itch and hives for ≥6 consecutive weeks. All patients were required to have a weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7) ≥16 (range 0-42), a weekly itch severity score (ISS7) ≥6 (range 0-21) and a weekly hives severity score (HSS7) ≥6 (range 0-21) for 7 days prior to randomization. Patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to receive either RHAPSIDO 25 mg or placebo, respectively, orally twice daily for 24 weeks during the double-blind treatment period and subsequently continued in a 28-week open-label treatment period, during which all patients received RHAPSIDO 25 mg twice daily. While REMIX-1 and REMIX-2 clinical trials included an open-label period, efficacy is based on results from 912 patients treated during the controlled period of 24 weeks.
Demographics and baseline characteristics in REMIX-1 and REMIX-2 are provided in Table 2.
The reported mean duration of CSU at enrollment across treatment groups was 6.6 and 5.2 years in REMIX-1 and REMIX-2, respectively, with 39% and 29% of the patients having a duration of CSU > 5 years.
The co-primary endpoints were absolute change from baseline in ISS7 and HSS7 at Week 12. The ISS7 (range 0 to 21) was defined as the sum of the daily itch severity scores (range 0 to 3) recorded over a 7-day period. The HSS7 (range 0 to 21) was defined as the sum of the daily hive severity scores (range 0 to 3) recorded over a 7-day period. The key secondary endpoint was absolute change from baseline in UAS7 at Week 12. The UAS7 (range 0 to 42) was a composite of the ISS7 and HSS7.
Secondary endpoints included proportion of patients who achieved UAS7 ≤6 at Weeks 2 and 12, and the proportion of patients who achieved complete absence of itch and hives (UAS7 = 0) at Week 12. In both REMIX-1 and REMIX-2 studies, the co-primary and all secondary endpoints showed statistically significant improvement in itch and hives symptoms in patients treated with RHAPSIDO compared to patients treated with placebo. Results are presented in Table 3.
Figure 1 shows the effect of RHAPSIDO over time up to Week 24 in REMIX-2 patients treated with RHAPSIDO. The results were similar in REMIX-1.
Figure 1 Mean Change from Baseline in Weekly Itch Severity Score (ISS7) and Hive Severity Score (HSS7) up to Week 24 in REMIX-2 (Observed Data)
Improvements in ISS7 and HSS7 at Week 12 were consistent regardless of patients’ baseline total IgE level.