Gallbladder Removal Clinical Trials

direct comparisons between ESPB and M-TAPA for postoperative analgesia after LC remain limited. This is an important area of clinical interest because the two blocks differ significantly in their anatomical targets, mechanism of analgesia, and likely dermatomal coverage. The ESPB provides analgesia through paravertebral spread affecting both dorsal and ventral rami, thereby offering posterior and visceral pain relief, whereas M-TAPA directly targets the thoracoabdominal nerves, resulting in better anterior and lateral abdominal wall analgesia. Understanding which technique offers superior or more balanced analgesia could help to optimise regional anaesthesia strategies in LC and to improve patient outcomes.