Comparative Evaluation of Biceps Femoris Short Head (BiFeS) and Adductor Canal Block and Interspace Between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee (IPACK) and Adductor Canal Block Combinations for Postoperative Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
This prospective observational study will compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of two multimodal regional anesthesia combinations routinely used after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) performed under spinal anesthesia. The study will observe patient groups who receive, as part of standard clinical practice, either the Biceps Femoris Short Head (BiFeS) block combined with the Adductor Canal Block (ACB) or the Interspace Between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Knee (IPACK) block combined with the Adductor Canal Block (ACB). The research team will not assign, perform, or direct any blocks; all regional anesthesia procedures will be administered independently by anesthesiologists experienced in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia as part of routine care. Postoperative pain will be observed and documented using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at multiple time points within the first 24 hours. Opioid consumption will be recorded based on intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) data, and the need for rescue analgesia will be noted. Additional postoperative observations will include functional recovery, quality of recovery scores, and the incidence of adverse events. Postoperative pain will be evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at multiple time points within the first 24 hours. Opioid consumption will be recorded through intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), and the need for rescue analgesia will be assessed. Additional postoperative observations will include functional recovery, quality of recovery scores, and the incidence of adverse events.
• Adults aged 18-80 years scheduled for elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) under spinal anesthesia
• ASA physical status I-III
• Eligible for and capable of using patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)
• Provided written informed consent