Evaluation of the Effect of Wet Cupping (Hijama) on Primary Fibromyalgia Using Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Patient-reported Forms: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Fibromyalgia has become one of the most prevalent chronic pain conditions that impair quality of life. Wet cupping has gained increasing popularity in treating painful conditions. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of wet cupping therapy combined with home-based exercise compared to home-based exercise alone in improving patients diagnosed with primary fibromyalgia syndrome.
• Adult patients aged 18-55 years.
• Female individuals to avoid the gender confounding factor.
• Clinical diagnosis of primary fibromyalgia according to the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) updated diagnostic criteria.
• Moderate pain intensity of ≥ 45 mm or higher on a visual analog scale (VAS).
• No use of skeletal muscle relaxants, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, and tramadol within a year before the screening visit.