Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a bacterial respiratory infection that patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) often get when they cannot breathe for themselves and require mechanical ventilation. It is linked to higher chances of death, a longer stay in the hospital, higher costs, and the use of more antibiotics. Options to help prevent or treat this disease are in development and will require evaluation in future clinical trials. The goal of POS-VAP is to build and continuously train a network of ICUs to be prepared for doing these trials, to facilitate their execution.