Pneumonia Clinical Trials

Sacral erector spinae plane block(S-ESPB) has been recently described. Case reports are showing that it is useful in various types of surgery. In case presentations, it has been reported as effective in providing analgesia in the posterior branches of the sacral nerves in pilonidal sinus surgery, in the treatment of radicular pain at the L5 - S1 level, after a sex reassignment operation and hypospadias surgery, and its use in combination with lumbar ESPB for analgesia was reported after hip prosthesis surgery . Described in 2018, pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block selectively targets the articular branches of the femoral and accessory obturator nerves thereby providing potential motorsparing analgesia for hip surgery . Recent studies found that PENG block targets the articular branches of the femoral and accessory obturator nerves, only anesthetizes the anterior hip joint sparing posterior part , as well as there was a motor impairment after block which is from local anesthetic (LA) diffusion to the femoral nerve . Motor-sparing regional anesthesia techniques have emerged as a safer alternative, balancing effective pain relief with the preservation of quadriceps function . These techniques align with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, which emphasize multimodal pain control, opioid minimization, and early mobility to reduce complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) and postoperative pneumonia .