AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) dementia complex, also known as HIV-associated dementia, is a chronic disorder of the mental processes, such as memory, thought, and reasoning, caused by late-stage HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) encephalopathy (brain infection).

Symptoms of AIDS dementia complex include inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and spinal column, memory loss, reduced ability to think clearly and focus, difficulty concentrating, apathy (lack of interest), and a gradual reduction and loss of coordination and motor skills.

Treatment for AIDS dementia complex is individualized and may include antiretroviral therapy to decrease viral load, alcohol or drug abuse counseling and cessation, antidepressants, antipsychotics, stimulants, exercise, and daily activity therapy. Individuals with severe AIDS dementia complex may require a skilled home caregiver.