• Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old;

• The patient's AVF/AVG is mature and has successfully completed hemodialysis at least once;

• The target lesion is located at the AVF/AVG return vein and venous side anastomosis;

• Hemodynamically significant AVF/AVG return vein stenosis ≥ 50% as assessed by ultrasound or contrast imaging, and any of the following clinical symptoms, signs or indicators are present, including significant increase in venous pressure during dialysis, abnormal physical examination, decreased pump-controlled blood flow, decreased adequacy of dialysis, brachial artery blood flow \< 600 ml/min or decreased by 25% compared with the previous follow-up visit, etc.;

• The target lesion is a primary or restenotic lesion, consisting of one or more tandem lesions (if the total length of adjacent tandem lesions is ≤ 60 mm, it can be considered a single target lesion);

• Visual inspection of the reference blood vessel diameter of the target lesion is between 4.0-8.0mm, and the total length of the target lesion is ≤ 60mm;

• The patient voluntarily signs the informed consent form.