Ataxia-TelangiectasiaSymptoms, Doctors, Treatments, Advances & More
Learn About Ataxia-Telangiectasia
Ataxia-telangiectasia is a rare childhood disease. It affects the brain and other parts of the body.
Ataxia refers to uncoordinated movements, such as walking. Telangiectasias are enlarged blood vessels (capillaries) just below the surface of the skin. Telangiectasias appear as tiny, red, spider-like blood vessels.
Louis-Bar syndrome
Ataxia-telangiectasia is inherited. This means it is passed down through families. It is an autosomal recessive trait. Both parents must provide a copy of a nonworking gene for the child to have symptoms of the condition.
The disease results from a variant in the ATM gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that helps control the rate at which cells grow and divide. Variants in this gene can lead to abnormal cell death in many sites of the body, including the part of the brain that helps coordinate movement.
Boys and girls are equally affected.
Symptoms include:
- Decreased coordination of movements (ataxia) in late childhood that can include ataxic gait (cerebellar ataxia), jerky gait, unsteadiness
- Decreasing mental development, slows or stops after age 10 to 12
- Delayed walking
- Discoloration of skin areas exposed to sunlight
- Discoloration of skin (coffee-with-milk-colored spots)
- Enlarged blood vessels in skin of nose, ears, and inside of the elbow and knee
- Enlarged blood vessels in the whites of the eyes
- Jerky or abnormal eye movements (nystagmus) late in the disease
- Premature graying of the hair
- Seizures
- Sensitivity to radiation, including x-rays
- Severe respiratory infections that keep coming back (recurring)
There is no specific treatment for ataxia-telangiectasia. Treatment is directed at specific symptoms.
Ruth Plummer practices practicing medicine in Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom. Ms. Plummer is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Ataxia-Telangiectasia. She is also highly rated in 12 other conditions, according to our data. Her clinical expertise encompasses Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Telangiectasia, Melanoma, and Basal Cell Skin Cancer.
Stefan Zielen practices practicing medicine in Frankfurt Am Main, Germany. Mr. Zielen is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Ataxia-Telangiectasia. He is also highly rated in 9 other conditions, according to our data. His clinical expertise encompasses Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Grass Allergy, Telangiectasia, Bronchiolitis Obliterans, and Bone Marrow Transplant.
Malcolm Taylor practices practicing medicine in Birmingham, United Kingdom. Mr. Taylor is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Ataxia-Telangiectasia. He is also highly rated in 7 other conditions, according to our data. His clinical expertise encompasses Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Telangiectasia, Drug Induced Dyskinesia, and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome.
More information and support for people with ataxia-telangiectasia condition and their families can be found at:
- Ataxia Telangiectasia Children's Project: atcp.org/
- National Ataxia Foundation (NAF): www.ataxia.org
Early death is common, but life expectancy varies.
Because people with this condition are very sensitive to radiation, they should never be given radiation therapy, and no unnecessary x-rays should be done.
Complications may include:
- Cancer, such as lymphoma
- Diabetes
- Kyphosis
- Progressive movement disorder that leads to wheelchair use
- Scoliosis
- Severe, recurrent lung infections
Contact your provider if your child develops symptoms of this disorder.
Couples with a family history of this condition who are considering pregnancy may consider genetic counseling.
Parents of a child with this disorder may have a slight increased risk for cancer. They should have genetic counseling and increased cancer screenings.
Summary: This phase I/II trial studies the side effects and best dose of temozolomide and M1774 and how well they works in treating patients with cancer that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic) and may have spread to nearby tissue, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body (advanced). Temozolomide is in a class of medications called alkylating agen...
Summary: The purpose of this research study is to see if the combination of study drugs avelumab and M1774 is effective and safe for participants with endometrial cancer. The names of the study drugs involved in this study are: * Avelumab (a type of human IgG1 antibody) * M1774 (a type of ATR inhibitor)
Published Date: July 28, 2025
Published By: Anna C. Edens Hurst, MD, MS, Associate Professor in Medical Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Gregg AR, Aarabi M; ACMG Professional Practice and Guidelines Committee, et al. Screening for autosomal recessive and X-linked conditions during pregnancy and preconception: a practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med. 2021;23(10):1793-1806. PMID: 34285390 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34285390/.
Martin KL. Vascular anomalies. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, et al, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2025:chap 691.
National Institutes of Health. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center website. Ataxia-telangiectasia. rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/5862/ataxia-telangiectasia. Updated February 2026. Accessed March 4, 2026.
Safier RA, Cleves-Bayon C, Gaesser J. Neurology. In: Zitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Nowalk AJ, eds. Zitelli and Davis' Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 16.