Breast Cancer Clinical Trials

• Patient must be capable of understanding the purpose of the Study and have signed the written informed consent form (ICF) prior to beginning specific protocol procedures.

• Female or male patients ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing ICF.

• Pre- or peri-menopausal women or men. are eligible if treated with a Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogue. Treatment with a LHRH is recommended for at least 28 days prior to study treatment; if shorter, post-menopausal levels of serum estradiol/follicle-stimulating hormone \[FSH\] must be confirmed analytically prior to Study enrollment.

• Post-menopausal women, defined by any of the following criteria:

‣ Cessation of menses for at least 12 consecutive months without an alternative medical cause. A high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the postmenopausal range may be used to confirm a post-menopausal state in women not using hormonal contraception or hormonal replacement therapy. However, in the absence of 12 months of amenorrhea, a single FSH measurement is insufficient.

⁃ Documented bilateral surgical oophorectomy.

• Documented histologically confirmed HR+ and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer according to the most recent American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines as per local assessment on the most recent analyzed biopsy. Therefore, tumors must be:

• o HR+ defined as ≥ 10% of tumor cells stain positive for estrogen receptor (ER) on immunohistochemistry (IHC), and HER2- defined as 0 or 1+ intensity on IHC, or 2+ intensity on IHC and no evidence of amplification on in situ hybridization (ISH).

• Unresectable locally recurrent or metastatic disease confirmed by computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that is not amenable to resection with curative intent.

• Patients must have received at least five years of adjuvant endocrine therapy, including at least two years of an AI (capped to 30% patients with treatment-free interval \[TFI\] ≥ 12 months.

• Patients must have:

‣ Radiological evidence of progression while on, or within 12 months of the end of (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy (secondary endocrine resistance criteria), or

⁃ Radiological evidence of progression more than 12 months of the end of (neo)adjuvant endocrine therapy (endocrine sensitive criteria).

• Patients receiving a CDK4/6 inhibitor-based therapy in the (neo)adjuvant setting are eligible if disease progression is confirmed more than 12 months following CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment completion in this scenario.

⁃ Evidence of measurable disease as per RECIST v.1.1, or non-measurable, but evaluable, disease, including bone-only disease with at least one lytic or mixed lytic-blastic bone lesion.

⁃ For patients receiving tamoxifen or toremifene, a washout period of 35 days (5 half-lives) prior to randomization is required

⁃ Patients must agree to provide and have available a FFPE tissue biopsy sample taken at the time of presentation with recurrent or metastatic disease. If this is not available, archived primary breast cancer specimen may be submitted

⁃ Adequate bone marrow and organ function:

∙ Hematological (without platelet, red blood cell transfusion, and/or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support within seven days before treatment initiation): White blood cell (WBC) count \> 3.0 x 109/L; absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x 109/L; platelet count ≥ 100.0 x109/L; and hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL.

‣ Hepatic: Serum albumin ≥ 2.5 g/dL; total serum bilirubin \< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) except for patients with Gilbert's syndrome who may be included if the total serum bilirubin is ≤ 3 x ULN or direct bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x ULN; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 2.5 x ULN (≤ 3 x ULN in patients with liver and/or bone metastases); aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN (≤ 3 x ULN in patients with liver metastases); international normalized ratio (INR) \< 1.5. Prothrombin time (PT) or Prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)/partial thromboplastin time (PTT) ≤ 1.5 × ULN, except for subjects receiving coumarin-derivative anticoagulants, factor Xa inhibitors, or other similar anticoagulant therapy, who must have PT-INR within therapeutic range as deemed appropriate by the Investigator from product safety requirements (PSR).

‣ Renal: Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x ULN or estimated creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min as calculated by Cockcroft- Gault equation.

⁃ Patient must be available and willing to participate in the treatment and follow-up assessments as required.

⁃ Women of childbearing potential who are sexually active with a non-sterilized male partner must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 14 days before Study treatment initiation. In addition, they must agree to use one highly effective method of birth control from the time of screening until 4 weeks after the last dose of Study treatments. Female patients must refrain from egg cell donation and breastfeeding during this same period. Non-sterilized male partners of heterosexually active females of childbearing potential participants must use a male condom from the time of enrollment of their female partner, throughout their participation in the Study, and until 4 weeks after their female partner's last dose of Study intervention.

⁃ Male participants who are sexually active with a female partner of childbearing potential must be surgically sterile or using an acceptable highly effective method of contraception from the time of screening until 21 days after the last administration of the Study drug. Male participants must not donate or bank sperm during this same period. Female partners of childbearing potential of male participants must agree to use one highly effective method of contraception from the time of screening until 4 weeks after the last dose of Study treatments.

⁃ ECOG performance status of 0-1.

⁃ Minimum life expectancy of ≥ 6 months.