Baricitinib for the Treatment of Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an autoimmune, scarring conjunctivitis that can lead to vision loss and permanent disability. It is a rare disorder with an estimated incidence of 1 in 60,000. There are currently no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of mucous membrane pemphigoid, highlighting a clear unmet need. At present, moderate to severe disease requires off-label use of potent immunosuppressive agents, such as oral anti-proliferatives (methotrexate, azathioprine, and mycophenolate), rituximab (RTX) or cyclophosphamide (CyC). Recently, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibition with baricitinib or tofacitinib been reported to be successful in one case of ocular MMP. This is a randomized, single-masked, two-arm study of baricitinib vs anti-proliferatives for ocular MMP.
• Patients are eligible to be included in the study only if they meet all the following criteria:
• Type of Patient and Disease Characteristics
• Are at least 18 years of age
• Have a clinical diagnosis of Ocular Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
• a. The treating ophthalmologist will have excluded alternative etiologies that can cause cicatrizing conjunctivitis such as:
⁃ Rosacea
⁃ Atopic dermatitis
⁃ Lichen Planus
⁃ Iatrogenic interventions, e.g. glaucoma eye drops
⁃ Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome
⁃ Graft vs Host Disease
• Have active disease based on ophthalmologic exam
• Patient Characteristics
• Nonpregnant, nonbreastfeeding female or male patient
∙ Female patients of child-bearing potential who are abstinent (if this is complete abstinence, as their preferred and usual lifestyle) or in a same-sex relationship (as part of their preferred and usual lifestyle) must agree to either remain abstinent or stay in a same-sex relationship without sexual relationships with the opposite sex.
‣ Total abstinence is defined as refraining from intercourse during the entirety of the study and for at least 1 week following the last dose of investigational product. Periodic abstinence such as calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.
‣ Otherwise, female patients of childbearing potential must agree to use 2 effective methods of contraception, where at least 1 form is highly effective, for the entirety of the study and for at least 1 week following the last dose of investigational product.
‣ The following contraception methods are considered acceptable (the patient should choose 2, and 1 must be highly effective \[defined as less than 1% failure rate per year when used consistently and correctly\]):
⁃ Highly effective birth control methods:
∙ Combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, intravaginal, or transdermal
‣ Progestogen- only containing hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation: oral, intravaginal, or transdermal
‣ intrauterine device (IUD)/intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS)
‣ vasectomized male (with appropriate post-vasectomy documentation of the absence of sperm in the ejaculate).
• Effective birth control methods:
⁃ o Male or female condom with spermicide. It should be noted that the use of male and female condoms as a double barrier method is not considered acceptable due to the high failure rate when these methods are combined.
• Diaphragm with spermicide
• Cervical sponge
• Cervical cap with spermicide Note: When local guidelines concerning highly effective or effective methods of birth control differ from the above, the local guidelines must be followed.
• Female patients of non-child-bearing potential are not required to use birth control and they are defined as:
⁃ Women who are infertile due to surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, or tubal ligation)
⁃ Post-menopausal - defined either as
‣ o A woman at least 50 years of age with an intact uterus, not on hormone therapy, who has either
⁃ Cessation of menses for at least 1 year
⁃ At least 6 months of spontaneous menorrhea with follicle-stimulating hormone \>40 mIU/mL
• Women aged 55 years or older who are not on hormone therapy, and who have had at least 6 months of spontaneous amenorrhea
∙ Women aged 55 years or older who have a diagnosis of menopause
• Informed Consent
• Must read and understand the informed consent approved by the institutional review board (IRB)/ethics review board (ERB) governing the site and provide written informed consent.