In recent years, studies have multiplied to demonstrate the value of performing an HPV test compared to a cervical smear test (CSP) in cervical cancer screening but also in the follow-up of surgical removal of high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HGILs). Thus, since June 2019, the High Health Authority recommends performing HPV genome testing by PCR for primary cervical cancer screening. Since September 2019, the National Cancer Institute recommends an HPV test in the follow-up of HGILs 6 months after conization. However, this delay was determined thanks to the previous recommendations which advocated a cervical smear test 6 months after conization. Thus, the kinetics of HPV clearance in the immediate postoperative period and in the 6 months following surgical excision remain unknown to this day. A better knowledge of the clearance of HPV postoperatively would allow to adapt and simplify the follow-up of the patients and to personalize it according to the type of HPV.