• One or more acute orthopedic injuries

• The patient sustained an orthopedic injury including, but not limited to:

‣ Pelvic or acetabulum fracture

⁃ Open/displaced comminuted fracture of long bones

⁃ Upper extremity injuries with a major nerve involvement

⁃ Injuries with significant injuries to major blood vessels

⁃ Traumatic amputation of big toe, thumb, or proximal to the wrist or ankle.

• Initial admission to the trauma or orthopedic center/service of the participating hospital OR all necessary screening and patient characteristic data available in medical record (determination based on information available at time of enrollment)

• 18 years old or older

• Received operative fixation for at least one acute orthopaedic injury at a participating hospital. Patients should be recruited at the time of primary injury, not revision or complication surgery

• Average Brief Pain Inventory Score \> 3/10

• Presence of pain most days (\> 3 days/week) for past three months