Chronic Subdural Hematoma Overview
Learn About Chronic Subdural Hematoma
A chronic subdural hematoma is an "old" collection of blood and blood breakdown products between the surface of the brain and its outermost covering (the dura). The chronic phase of a subdural hematoma begins several weeks after the first bleeding.
Subdural hemorrhage - chronic; Subdural hematoma - chronic; Subdural hygroma
A subdural hematoma develops when bridging veins tear and leak blood. These are the tiny veins that run between the dura and surface of the brain. This is usually the result of a head injury.
A collection of blood then forms over the surface of the brain. In a chronic subdural collection, blood leaks from the veins slowly over time, or a fast hemorrhage is left to clear up on its own.
A subdural hematoma is more common in older adults because of normal brain shrinkage that occurs with aging. This shrinkage stretches and weakens the bridging veins. These veins are more likely to break in older adults, even after a minor head injury. You or your family may not remember any injury that might have caused a subdural hematoma.
Risks include:
- Long-term heavy alcohol use
- Long-term use of aspirin, anti-inflammatory medicines such as ibuprofen, or blood thinning (anticoagulant) medicine such as warfarin
- Diseases that lead to reduced blood clotting
- Head injury
- Old age
In some cases, there may be no symptoms. However, depending on the size of the hematoma and where it presses on the brain, any of the following symptoms may occur:
- Drowsiness, confusion, or coma
- Decreased memory
- Problem speaking or swallowing
- Problems with balance or walking
- Headache
- Seizures or loss of consciousness
- Weakness or numbness of arms, legs, face
- Nausea and vomiting
- Vision problems
- Behavioral changes or psychosis
The goal of treatment is to control symptoms and reduce or prevent permanent damage to the brain. Medicines may be used to control or prevent seizures.
Surgery may be needed. This may include drilling small holes in the skull to relieve pressure and allow blood and fluids to be drained. Large hematomas or solid blood clots may need to be removed through a larger opening in the skull (craniotomy).
Hematomas that do not cause symptoms may not require treatment. Chronic subdural hematomas often come back after being drained. Therefore, it is sometimes better to leave them alone unless they are causing symptoms.
Prisma Health Medical Group-Midlands
Mark Jones is a General Surgeon in Columbia, South Carolina. Dr. Jones has been practicing medicine for over 21 years and is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma. His top areas of expertise are Delirium, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Chronic Subdural Hematoma, Subdural Hematoma, and Gastrostomy. Dr. Jones is currently accepting new patients.
Prisma Health Medical Group-Midlands
Jacob Hessey is a General Surgeon in Columbia, South Carolina. Dr. Hessey and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma. His top areas of expertise are Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Biliary Dyskinesia, Delirium, Bladder Reconstruction, and Gastrostomy. Dr. Hessey is currently accepting new patients.
Prisma Health Medical Group-Midlands
Bertram Richter is a Neurosurgery provider in Columbia, South Carolina. Dr. Richter and is rated as an Experienced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma. His top areas of expertise are Subdural Hematoma, Stroke, Spinal Stenosis, Laminectomy, and Gastrostomy. Dr. Richter is currently accepting new patients.
Chronic subdural hematomas that cause symptoms usually do not heal on their own over time. They often require surgery, especially when there are neurologic problems, seizures, or chronic headaches.
Complications may include:
- Permanent brain damage
- Persistent symptoms, such as anxiety, confusion, difficulty paying attention, dizziness, headache, and memory loss
- Seizures
Contact your provider right away if you or a family member has symptoms of chronic subdural hematoma. For example, if you see symptoms of confusion, weakness, or numbness weeks or months after a head injury in an older adult, contact the provider right away.
Take the person to the emergency room or call 911 or the local emergency number if the person:
- Has seizures
- Is not alert (loses consciousness)
Avoid head injuries by using seat belts, bicycle and motorcycle helmets, and hard hats when appropriate.
Summary: EMMA-Can is an open-label randomized control trial comparing the recurrence risk in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) undergoing standard of care treatment (surgical drainage and/or medical management) with or without embolization of the middle meningeal (EMMA).
Summary: The goal of this observational study is to better understand how chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) progresses and how patients are treated and cared for. The study focuses on three main questions: 1. What are the characteristics of patients with CSDH when they are diagnosed? 2. What treatments do patients with CSDH receive? 3. What are the outcomes for patients with CSDH, including their functional...
Published Date: June 13, 2024
Published By: Joseph V. Campellone, MD, Department of Neurology, Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, Camden, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Kolias AG, Taisic T, Chari A, Hutchinson PJ, Santarius T. Medical and surgical management of chronic subdural hematomas. In: Winn HR, ed. Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 47.
Papa L, Goldberg SA. Head trauma. In: Walls RM, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 33.
Stippler M, Mahavadi A. Craniocerebral trauma. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 62.