Organ Preservation in Rectal Cancer by Dose Escalated MR Guided Adaptive Radiotherapy
This study is testing whether radiation delivered with MRI guidance using a so-called MR-linac in distal rectal cancer can result in a high rate of organ preservation. Patients will receive radiotherapy together with standard chemotherapy.
• Patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of rectal cancer localized between dentate line and 12 cm from the anocutaneous line
• Any MRI staged rectal cancer meeting the following criteria
• cT1-cT3 and
• cN0 -cN1 and
• cM0
• Inclusion of UICC Stage I tumors only if unsuitable for endoscopic resection or if primary surgery would require permanent colostomy or deep anastomosis with expected poor organ function.
• Tumor affects less than 70% of the rectal circumference.
• Maximum longitudinal extension of the tumor less than 8 cm on MRI
• MR-Staging requirements: High-resolution, thin-sliced (i.e.
• ≤3mm) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis.
• Cross-sectional imaging of the abdomen and chest to exclude distant metastases.
• Aged at least 18 years. No upper age limit.
• WHO/ECOG Performance Status ≤ 1
• Adequate hematological, hepatic, renal and metabolic function parameters
• Informed consent of the patient