Methods: This cluster-randomized trial will be conducted across 128 village clinics in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province. Villages are randomized 1:1 to either enhanced or routine screening. Participants aged 60 years or older (approximately 120 per village) in both arms receive family-centered AF education and opportunistic assessments. The enhanced group undergoes screening via 7-day single-lead ECG patches, while the routine group utilizes standard 12-lead ECGs.

Results: The trial features two primary endpoints. The Phase 1 endpoint is the newly diagnosed AF detection rate during a 1-year screening period. The Phase 2 endpoint is a 3-year composite outcome of all-cause mortality, stroke or systemic embolism, and hospitalization for heart failure.

Conclusion: By integrating wearable AI technology into primary care, this trial seeks to overcome diagnostic barriers in resource-limited environments. The findings will determine if prolonged digital monitoring can significantly enhance AF detection and reduce major cardiovascular events in elderly rural populations.