Learn About Dermatomyositis

What is the definition of Dermatomyositis?

Dermatomyositis is a disease that involves muscle inflammation and a skin rash. Polymyositis is a similar inflammatory condition that also involves muscle weakness, swelling, tenderness, and tissue damage but no skin rash. Both are part of a larger group of diseases called myopathies, more specifically inflammatory myopathies.

What are the causes of Dermatomyositis?

The cause of dermatomyositis is unknown. Experts think it may be due to a viral infection of the muscles or a problem with the body's immune system. It may also occur in people who have cancer in the abdomen, lung, or other parts of the body.

Anyone can develop this condition. It most often occurs in children age 5 to 15 and adults age 40 to 60. It affects women more often than men.

What are the symptoms of Dermatomyositis?

Symptoms may include:

  • Muscle weakness, stiffness, or soreness
  • Problems swallowing
  • Purple color to the upper eyelids
  • Purple-red skin rash
  • Shortness of breath
  • Difficulty swallowing

The muscle weakness may come on suddenly or develop slowly over weeks or months. You may have trouble raising your arms over your head, getting up from a sitting position, and climbing stairs.

The rash may appear on your face, knuckles, neck, shoulders, upper chest, and back.

Not sure about your diagnosis?
Check Your Symptoms
What are the current treatments for Dermatomyositis?

The main treatment is the use of corticosteroid medicines. The dose of medicine is slowly tapered off as muscle strength improves. This takes about 4 to 6 weeks. You may stay on a low dose of a corticosteroid medicine after that.

Medicines to suppress the immune system may be used to replace the corticosteroids. These drugs may include azathioprine, methotrexate or mycophenolate.

Treatments that may be tried when disease that remains active in spite of these medicines are:

  • Intravenous gamma globulin
  • Biologic drugs

When your muscles get stronger, your provider may tell you to slowly cut back on your doses. Many people with this condition must take a medicine called prednisone for the rest of their lives.

If a tumor is causing the condition, the muscle weakness and rash may get better when the tumor is removed.

Who are the top Dermatomyositis Local Doctors?
555 University Avenue, 
Toronto, ON, CA 
 111.7 km

Andrea Doria practices in Toronto, Canada. Doria and is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Dermatomyositis. Her top areas of expertise are Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Nephritis, Glomerulonephritis, Kidney Transplant, and Appendectomy.

Toronto, ON, CA 
 110.5 km

Kristi Whitney practices in Toronto, Canada. Whitney and is rated as an Advanced expert by MediFind in the treatment of Dermatomyositis. Her top areas of expertise are Juvenile Dermatomyositis, Dermatomyositis, Polymyositis, and Myositis.

 
 
 
 
Learn about our expert tiers
Learn More
Toronto, ON, CA 
 110.5 km

Ophir Vinik practices in Toronto, Canada. Vinik and is rated as an Advanced expert by MediFind in the treatment of Dermatomyositis. His top areas of expertise are Myositis, Gout, Dermatomyositis, and Polymyositis.

What is the outlook (prognosis) for Dermatomyositis?

It is important to be followed by a health care provider when you have dermatomyositis. Severe illness can lead to disability and can sometimes result in death.

Symptoms may go away completely in some people, such as children.

The condition may be fatal in adults due to:

  • Severe muscle weakness
  • Malnutrition
  • Pneumonia
  • Lung failure

The major causes of death with this condition are cancer and lung disease.

People with lung disease with the anti-MDA-5 antibody have a poor prognosis in spite of current treatment.

What are the possible complications of Dermatomyositis?

Complications may include:

  • Lung disease
  • Acute renal failure
  • Cancer (malignancy)
  • Inflammation of the heart
  • Joint pain
When should I contact a medical professional for Dermatomyositis?

Contact your provider if you have muscle weakness or other symptoms of this condition.

What are the latest Dermatomyositis Clinical Trials?
A Phase 1, Open-label, Multiple Ascending Dose Basket Study to Evaluate the Safety and Activity of DR-0201 in Patients With Select Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

Summary: This is a multi-center, open-label, multi-ascending dose study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK, PD, immunogenicity, and preliminary clinical response of DR-0201 following IV administration in subjects with SLE, CLE, pSS, PM/DM, and/or dcSSc.

Match to trials
Find the right clinical trials for you in under a minute
Get started
A Phase Ib Study of Nivolumab in Patients With Autoimmune Disorders and Advanced Malignancies (AIM-NIVO)

Summary: This phase Ib trial studies the side effects of nivolumab and to see how well it works in treating patients with autoimmune disorders and cancer that has spread to other places in the body or cannot removed by surgery. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and sprea...

Who are the sources who wrote this article ?

Published Date: January 25, 2023
Published By: Neil J. Gonter, MD, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Columbia University, NY and private practice specializing in Rheumatology at Rheumatology Associates of North Jersey, Teaneck, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

What are the references for this article ?

Aggarwal R, Rider LG, Ruperto N, et al. 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League against rheumatism criteria for minimal, moderate, and major clinical response in adult dermatomyositis and polymyositis: An International Myositis Assessment and Clinical Studies Group/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative Initiative. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69(5):898-910. PMID: 28382787 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28382787/.

Dalakas MC. Inflammatory muscle diseases. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(4):393-394. PMID: 26200989 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26200989/.

Nagaraju K, Aggarwal R, Lundberg IE. Inflammatory diseases of muscle and other myopathies. In: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, Koretzky GA, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, eds. Firestein & Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 90.

National Organization for Rare Disorders website. Dermatomyositis. rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/dermatomyositis/. Updated 2018. Accessed March 3, 2023.