Clinical data of patients with synchronous radiotherapy for esophageal cancer in the Department of Radiology of Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital were collected. Patients were divided into trilaciclib group (34 cases) and control group (169 cases) based on whether trilaciclib was used or not. Patients in the trilaciclib group were given trilaciclib before each chemotherapy treatment. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance the baseline characteristics between the two groups on a 1:1 ratio. After pairing, the rates of bone marrow suppression and other adverse events were compared between the two groups.