Heart transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage heart failure, advanced cardiomyopathy, and complex congenital heart disease with severe heart failure or hypoxia. Several clinical studies have shown significant differences in the prognosis of heart transplantation patients with different etiologies, and post-transplantation complications are an important factor affecting patient survival, and there is still a lack of overall prognostic stratification and extensive clinical studies on risk factors after heart transplantation. Therefore, this study is intended to include patients who underwent heart transplantation for different etiologies of heart failure, collect clinical data and biological samples from patients, and use various techniques to deeply interpret the risk factors affecting the prognosis of heart transplantation patients and construct a prognostic prediction model to provide specific and individualized treatment ideas and theoretical basis for improving the survival rate of patients after heart transplantation.