What is the definition of Hemoglobin C Disease?

Hemoglobin C disease is a blood disorder passed down through families. It leads to a type of anemia, which occurs when red blood cells break down earlier than normal.

What are the alternative names for Hemoglobin C Disease?

Clinical hemoglobin C

What are the causes for Hemoglobin C Disease?

Hemoglobin C is an abnormal type of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. It is a type of hemoglobinopathy. The disease is caused by a problem with a gene called beta globin.

The disease most often occurs in African Americans. You are more likely to have hemoglobin C disease if someone in your family has had it.

What are the symptoms for Hemoglobin C Disease?

Most people do not have symptoms. In some cases, jaundice may occur. Some people may develop gallstones that need to be treated.

What are the current treatments for Hemoglobin C Disease?

In most cases, no treatment is needed. Folic acid supplements may help your body produce normal red blood cells and improve the symptoms of the anemia.

What is the outlook (prognosis) for Hemoglobin C Disease?

People with hemoglobin C disease can expect to lead a normal life.

What are the possible complications for Hemoglobin C Disease?

Complications may include:

• Anemia
• Gallbladder disease
• Enlargement of the spleen

When should I contact a medical professional for Hemoglobin C Disease?

Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of hemoglobin C disease.

How do I prevent Hemoglobin C Disease?

You may want to seek genetic counseling if you are at high risk for the condition and are considering having a baby.

REFERENCES

Howard J. Sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 154.

Smith-Whitley K, Kwiatkowski JL. Hemoglobinopathies. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 489.

Wilson CS, Vergara-Lluri ME, Brynes RK. Evaluation of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. In: Jaffe ES, Arber DA, Campo E, Harris NL, Quintanilla-Martinez L, eds. Hematopathology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017:chap 11.