Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis Overview
Learn About Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis
Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis is a disorder of bone growth. Affected individuals typically have shortening of the long bones in the arms and legs (mesomelia). As a result of the shortened leg bones, people with Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis typically have short stature. Most people with the condition also have an abnormality of the wrist and forearm bones called Madelung deformity, which may cause pain and limit wrist movement. This abnormality usually appears in childhood or early adolescence. Other features of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis can include increased muscle mass (muscle hypertrophy); bowing of a bone in the lower leg called the tibia; a greater-than-normal angling of the elbow away from the body (increased carrying angle); and a high arched palate.
Most cases of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis result from changes involving the SHOX gene. The protein produced from this gene plays a role in bone development and is particularly important for the growth and maturation of bones in the arms and legs. The most common cause of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis is a deletion of the entire SHOX gene. Other genetic changes that can cause the disorder include mutations in the SHOX gene or deletions of nearby genetic material that normally helps regulate the gene's activity. These changes reduce the amount of SHOX protein that is produced. A shortage of this protein disrupts normal bone development and growth, which underlies the major features of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis.
The prevalence of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis is unknown. It is diagnosed more often in females than in males.
Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis has a pseudoautosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The SHOX gene is located on both the X and Y chromosomes (sex chromosomes) in an area known as the pseudoautosomal region. Although many genes are unique to either the X or Y chromosome, genes in the pseudoautosomal region are present on both sex chromosomes. As a result, both females (who have two X chromosomes) and males (who have one X and one Y chromosome) normally have two functional copies of the SHOX gene in each cell. The inheritance pattern of Léri-Weill dyschondrosteosis is described as dominant because one missing or altered copy of the SHOX gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In females, the condition results when the gene is missing or altered on one of the two copies of the X chromosome; in males, it results when the gene is missing or altered on either the X chromosome or the Y chromosome.
Sara Sanz-Benito practices in La Paz, Spain. Sanz-Benito and is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis. Her top areas of expertise are Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis, Langer Mesomelic Dysplasia, Chondrodystrophy, and X-Linked Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda.
Karen Heath practices in Madrid, Spain. Heath and is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis. Her top areas of expertise are Short Stature (Growth Disorders), Brachydactyly, Brachydactyly Mononen Type, and Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis.
Katerina Hirschfeldova practices in Prague, Czech Republic. Hirschfeldova and is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis. Her top areas of expertise are Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis, Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome, Chondrodystrophy, and X-Linked Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Tarda.
Published Date: January 01, 2012
Published By: National Institutes of Health