MediastinitisSymptoms, Doctors, Treatments, Advances & More
Learn About Mediastinitis
Mediastinitis is swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the chest area between the lungs (mediastinum). This area contains the heart, large blood vessels, windpipe (trachea), food tube (esophagus), thymus gland, lymph nodes, and connective tissue.
Chest infection
Mediastinitis usually results from an infection. It may occur suddenly (acute), or it may develop slowly and get worse over time (chronic). It most often occurs in people who recently had an upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy or chest surgery.
A person may have a tear in their esophagus that causes mediastinitis. Causes of the tear include:
- A procedure such as upper GI endoscopy
- Forceful or constant vomiting
- Trauma
Other causes of mediastinitis include:
- A fungal infection called histoplasmosis
- Radiation to the chest
- Inflammation of the lymph nodes, lungs, liver, eyes, skin, or other tissues (sarcoidosis)
- Tuberculosis
- Breathing in anthrax
- Cancer
Risk factors include:
- Disease of the esophagus
- Diabetes mellitus
- Problems in the upper gastrointestinal tract
- Recent chest surgery or upper GI endoscopy
- Weakened immune system
Symptoms may include:
- Chest pain
- Chills
- Fever
- General discomfort
- Shortness of breath
Signs of mediastinitis in people who have had recent surgery include:
- Chest wall tenderness
- Wound drainage
- Unstable chest wall
You may receive antibiotics if you have an infection.
You may need surgery to remove the area of inflammation if the blood vessels, windpipe, or esophagus is blocked.
Intermountain Cardiac Care Clinic
Meet Doug Packer, a doctor who knew from a young age he wanted to work in cardiology, and after attending Duke knew he wanted to work in electrophysiology. He loves to share his knowledge with patients, not only to help them live their healthiest lives possible, but to educate them and his colleagues so that knowledge can continue to help them and others. Dr. Packer is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Mediastinitis. His top areas of expertise are Atrial Fibrillation, Arrhythmias, Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT), Cardiac Ablation, and Angioplasty.
Medical Education Assistance Corporation
. Dr. Youssef is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Mediastinitis. Her top areas of expertise are Sepsis, Endocarditis, Pneumonia, and Cellulitis.
Walid Fadel-Dajer practices in La Ciudad, Mexico. Mr. Fadel-Dajer is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Mediastinitis. His top areas of expertise are Mediastinitis, Necrosis, Clubbing of the Fingers or Toes, and Poland Syndrome.
How well a person does depends on the cause and severity of the mediastinitis.
Mediastinitis after chest surgery is very serious. There is a risk of dying from this condition.
Complications include the following:
- Spread of the infection to the bloodstream, blood vessels, bones, heart, or lungs
- Scarring
Scarring can be severe, especially when it is caused by chronic mediastinitis. Scarring can interfere with heart or lung function.
Contact your provider if you have had open chest surgery and develop:
- Chest pain
- Chills
- Drainage from the wound
- Fever
- Shortness of breath
If you have a lung infection or sarcoidosis and develop any of these symptoms, contact your provider right away.
To lessen the risk of developing mediastinitis related to chest surgery, surgical wounds should be kept clean and dry after surgery.
Treating tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, or other conditions associated with mediastinitis may prevent this complication.
Summary: The goal of this observational study is to learn whether patients undergoing mediastinal disease diagnosis and combined treatment with intrapacial ultrasound-guided mediastinal opening techniques have greater clinical benefit. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Whether the mediastinal ultrasound-guided mediastinal opening technique is more beneficial for the diagnosis of benign or maligna...
Summary: Through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design, this study aiming to evaluated the efficacy and safety of rituximab lymph node injection combined with pulmonary vascular interventional therapy in treating fibrosing mediastinal pulmonary hypertension (FM-PH).Eligible participants were randomly assigned to either the combined treatment group, receiving both pulmonary vascular intervention and ri...
Published Date: August 29, 2024
Published By: Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Roy and Diana Vagelos Professor in Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York, NY. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Lentz RJ, Loyd JE. Mediastinitis and fibrosing mediastinitis. In: Broaddus VC, Ernst JD, King TE, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 116.
Van Schooneveld TC, Rupp ME. Mediastinitis. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 85.