Effect of Mycobacterial Infection on Immune Status
This study, titled Effect of Mycobacterial Infection on Immune Status (EMIIS), investigates the immune-driven mechanisms of mycobacterial infections, focusing on the dynamic immune characteristics of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections, and tuberculous pleurisy. Mycobacterial infections (including the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria) remain a major global public health threat. EMIIS is a single-center, randomized, single-blind,prospective study. The study recruited 120 participants, divided into groups of healthy individuals/community-acquired pneumonia patients, active pulmonary tuberculosis patients, latent tuberculosis infection patients, tuberculous pleurisy patients, and nontuberculous mycobacteria patients. Blood samples were collected from all groups within 3 days before treatment and 2-3 months after treatment. Pleural effusion samples were additionally collected from the tuberculous pleurisy group within 3 days before treatment and 2 months after treatment. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was collected from the nontuberculous mycobacteria group. Utilizing mass cytometry (CyTOF) and multi-dimensional indicators, the study aims to elucidate the immune-driven mechanisms of mycobacterial infections and provide new strategies for individualized treatment.
• Age ≥ 18 years, all genders and races accepted.
• Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed clinically or by bronchoscopy within less than 1 week.
• Patients with latent tuberculosis infection (positive T-SPOT test but no evidence of active tuberculosis infection).
• Patients with tuberculous pleurisy with onset within less than 1 week.
• Voluntarily join this study and sign the informed consent form.
• Patients whose drug susceptibility test or NGS results indicate resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin (MDR-TB).
• Patients whose drug susceptibility test or NGS results indicate sensitivity to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.
• Patients whose drug susceptibility test or NGS results indicate resistance to only one anti-tuberculosis drug.
• Patients with newly identified nontuberculous mycobacterial infection (within less than 1 week) by sputum culture or NGS.