Poland SyndromeSymptoms, Doctors, Treatments, Advances & More
Learn About Poland Syndrome
Poland syndrome is a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body, resulting in abnormalities that can affect the chest, shoulder, arm, and hand. The extent and severity of the abnormalities vary among affected individuals.
The cause of Poland syndrome is unknown. Researchers have suggested that it may result from a disruption of blood flow during development before birth. This disruption is thought to occur at about the sixth week of embryonic development and affect blood vessels that will become the subclavian and vertebral arteries on each side of the body. The arteries normally supply blood to embryonic tissues that give rise to the chest wall and hand on their respective sides. Variations in the site and extent of the disruption may explain the range of signs and symptoms that occur in Poland syndrome. Abnormality of an embryonic structure called the apical ectodermal ridge, which helps direct early limb development, may also be involved in this disorder.
Poland syndrome has been estimated to occur in 1 in 20,000 newborns. For unknown reasons, this disorder occurs more than twice as often in males than in females. Poland syndrome may be underdiagnosed because mild cases without hand involvement may never come to medical attention.
Most cases of Poland syndrome are sporadic, which means they are not inherited and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their families. Rarely, this condition is passed through generations in families. In these families the condition appears to be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder, although no associated genes have been found.
Proliance Surgeons
I want to provide compassionate, thorough, and effective care for all problems involving the foot & ankle. I am committed to providing you with treatment that leads to a complete recovery and life without pain or restrictions through the most effective, safe, high quality, innovative, and state-of-art methods including minimally invasive surgery. Dr. Yi is rated as an Advanced provider by MediFind in the treatment of Poland Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 9 other conditions, according to our data. His clinical expertise encompasses Poland Syndrome, Popliteal Pterygium Syndrome, Multiple Pterygium Syndrome, and Amniotic Band Syndrome. Dr. Yi is board certified in American Board Of Orthopaedic Surgery. Dr. Yi is currently accepting new patients.
Ilaria Baldelli practices practicing medicine in Genoa, Italy. Ms. Baldelli is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Poland Syndrome. She is also highly rated in 4 other conditions, according to our data. Her clinical expertise encompasses Poland Syndrome, Syndactyly, Acromicric Dysplasia, Nerve Decompression, and Mastectomy.
Emmanuel Delay practices practicing medicine in Lyon, France. Mr. Delay is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Poland Syndrome. He is also highly rated in 7 other conditions, according to our data. His clinical expertise encompasses Poland Syndrome, Syndactyly, Acromicric Dysplasia, Mastectomy, and Fasciotomy.
Summary: The present study will be based on a hybrid breast reconstruction approach with initial skin expansion using the Motiva Flora® Tissue Expander followed by a serial fat grafting session and a final step that includes the placement of a permanent breast implant Ergonomix2®.
Published Date: April 01, 2016
Published By: National Institutes of Health