Learn About Tropical Sprue
Tropical sprue is a condition that occurs in people who live in or visit tropical areas for extended periods of time. It impairs nutrients from being absorbed from the intestines.
Tropical sprue (TS) is a syndrome characterized by acute or chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption of nutrients.
This disease is caused by damage to the lining of the small intestine. It comes from having too much of certain types of bacteria in the intestines.
Risk factors are:
- Living in the tropics
- Long periods of travel to tropical destinations
Symptoms include:
- Abdominal cramps
- Diarrhea, worse on a high-fat diet
- Excess gas (flatus)
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Leg swelling
- Weight loss
Symptoms may not appear for up to 10 years after leaving the tropics.
Treatment begins with plenty of fluids and electrolytes. Replacement of folate, iron, vitamin B12, and other nutrients may also be needed. Antibiotic therapy with tetracycline or trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole is typically given for 3 to 6 months.
In most cases, oral tetracycline is not prescribed for children until after all the permanent teeth have come in. This medicine can permanently discolor teeth that are still forming. However, other antibiotics can be used.
Uday Ghoshal practices in Lucknow, India. Mr. Ghoshal is rated as an Elite expert by MediFind in the treatment of Tropical Sprue. His top areas of expertise are Small Bowel Bacterial Overgrowth, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Indigestion, Liver Transplant, and Endoscopy.
Paul Kelly practices in London, United Kingdom. Mr. Kelly is rated as a Distinguished expert by MediFind in the treatment of Tropical Sprue. His top areas of expertise are Malnutrition, Tropical Sprue, Diarrhea, Endoscopy, and Tissue Biopsy.
Cleveland Clinic Main Campus
Alberto Rubio is a Gastroenterologist in Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Rubio is rated as a Distinguished provider by MediFind in the treatment of Tropical Sprue. His top areas of expertise are Celiac Disease, Malabsorption, Diarrhea, Tropical Sprue, and Endoscopy.
The outcome is good with treatment.
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common.
In children, sprue leads to:
- Delay in the maturing of bones (skeletal maturation)
- Growth failure
Contact your health care provider if:
- Tropical sprue symptoms get worse or do not improve with treatment.
- You develop new symptoms.
- You have diarrhea or other symptoms of this disorder for a long period of time, especially after spending time in the tropics.
Other than avoiding living in or traveling to tropical climates, there is no known prevention for tropical sprue.
Published Date: December 31, 2023
Published By: Jenifer K. Lehrer, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Aria - Jefferson Health Torresdale, Jefferson Digestive Diseases Network, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Ramakrishna BS. Tropical diarrhea and malabsorption. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 108.
Semrad CE. Approach to the patient with diarrhea and malabsorption. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 126.