• Provided electronic or written informed consent

• Men \> 55, women \> 65 years of age

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus requiring pharmacologic therapy, prediabetes (most recent HbA1c 5.7 to 6.4% and/or fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL \[5.6-6.9 mmol/L\]) and/or metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is defined as \> 3 of the following criteria (International Diabetes Federation 2006):

‣ Body mass index ≥ 27 kg/m2 or abnormal waist circumference defined as ≥ 80 cm (31.5 inches) for women, ≥ 94 cm (37 inches) for men; for South and East Asian men (e.g., Asian Indian, Chinese, Japanese) ≥ 90 cm (35.4 inches)

⁃ Fasting triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or treated hypertriglyceridemia

⁃ HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) \< 40 mg/dL (1.03 mmol/L) in men, \<50 mg/dL (1.29 mmol/L) in women or treatment for this lipid abnormality

⁃ Systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 and/or diastolic BP≥ 85 mm Hg and/or treated hypertension

⁃ Fasting blood glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) or HbA1c ≥ 5.7%

• Have a device (e.g., smartphone, tablet, computer) for communication with the central cardiologist-led team managing drug treatment for the personalized care group