Long-term Impact of a Low-carbohydrate Versus Low-fat Breakfast on Blood Glucose Control in Type 2 Diabetes

Status: Recruiting
Location: See location...
Intervention Type: Other
Study Type: Interventional
Study Phase: Not Applicable
SUMMARY

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a prevalent metabolic disorder impacting \>3 million Canadians, is characterized by insulin resistance and high blood glucose. Chronically elevated blood glucose (i.e., hyperglycemia) and swings in glucose (i.e., glucose variability) contribute to complications of T2D. Specifically, post-meal hyperglycemic spikes are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. People with T2D often exhibit a different circadian pattern from healthy individuals, with higher glucose excursions in the morning, after breakfast. This makes breakfast a crucial meal in achieving glycemic control. One strategy to reduce or eliminate this high glucose excursion is to consume a low-carbohydrate breakfast. Our recently published 3-month clinical trial (Oliveira et al., AJCN 2023) - funded by the Egg Farmers of Canada (EFC) \& Egg Nutrition Center (ENC) - highlighted the positive impact of a simple dietary intervention, where individuals were advised to consume an egg-based, low-carbohydrate breakfast. This intervention led to improved glycemic control assessed by continuous glucose monitoring and reduced overall energy and carbohydrate intake when compared to a low-fat guideline breakfast. While we saw a within-group reduction HbA1c in the egg-based low-carbohydrate breakfast group, the between group difference did not reach statistical significance. Since HbA1c reflects the average glucose over the preceding 3 months, likely, our previous study's duration was not long enough to demonstrate significant reductions in HbA1c. For a low-carbohydrate breakfast to be recognized as an evidence-based strategy in nutrition and clinical practice guidelines, a longer-term study that demonstrates reductions in HbA1c is needed. Collectively, our promising early results demonstrate that the time is right and that our team is poised to deliver a longer, well-powered randomized controlled trial (RCT) to solidify low-carbohydrate breakfasts as an evidence-based strategy to improve glucose control and improve health outcomes for people living with T2D.

Eligibility
Participation Requirements
Sex: All
Minimum Age: 30
Maximum Age: 79
Healthy Volunteers: f
View:

• i) physician-diagnosed T2D, ii) 30-79 years old and iii) on stable medication for at least 3 months

Locations
Other Locations
Canada
University of British Columbia - Okanagan
RECRUITING
Kelowna
Contact Information
Primary
Barbara Oliveira, PhD
barbara.oliveira@ubc.ca
250 8599900
Time Frame
Start Date: 2025-04-01
Estimated Completion Date: 2027-12-31
Participants
Target number of participants: 280
Treatments
Experimental: Low-carbohydrate breakfast
Active_comparator: Low-fat Control breakfast
Related Therapeutic Areas
Sponsors
Leads: University of British Columbia

This content was sourced from clinicaltrials.gov