Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Virtual Ileostomy Versus Diverting Ileostomy in Patients Undergoing Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer: a Multicentre, Prospective, Open-label, Blinded Endpoint, PROBE Study
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn to compare the safety and efficacy of virtual ileostomy versus diverting ileostomy in patients undergoing sphincter-saving surgery for rectal cancer. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is the virtual ileostomy a safe and effective alternative to the ileostomy? * Is it scientifically reasonable to perform diverting ileostomy intraoperatively? Researchers will compare virtual ileostomy to diverting ileostomy to see if the virtual ileostomy works to reduce rates of stoma. Participants will: * Performing diverting ileostomy or virtual ileostomy undergoing sphincter-saving surgery for rectal cancer * Continuous follow-up of their complications after the first surgery
• Diagnosis of rectal cancer confirmed by pathology
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Total mesorectal excision (TME) surgical procedures and colon-rectum or colon-anal anastomosis：1.anterior resection (AR/ PME), 2. low anterior resection (LAR) , 3.intersphincteric abdominoperineal resection (ISR), 4.transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME)
• Signed informed consent
• Ability to understand the nature and risks of participating in the trial