• Patients must be \> 365 days and \< 18 years (for AIEOP-BFM), \> 365 days and \< 22 years (for Children's Oncology Group \[COG\]) and \> 365 days and \< 46 years (for ALLTogether sites) at the time of enrollment

• Newly-diagnosed Ph+ or ABL-class Ph-like B-ALL. Leukemic blasts must express CD19. ABL-class fusions are defined as rearrangements involving the following genes predicted to be sensitive to imatinib and/or dasatinib: ABL1, ABL2, CSF1R, and PDGFRB

• Evidence of BCR::ABL1 should be documented by a clinically-validated assay prior to study entry on day 15 from the first dose of vinCRIStine during Induction therapy. ABL-class Ph-like B-ALL gene rearrangements should be documented by a clinically-validated assay and enrolled on study by day 1 of Blinatumomab Block 1. Accepted methods of detection include fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using break-apart of colocalization signal probes, singleplex or multiplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), whole-transcriptome or panel-based ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing (e.g., Hematologic Cancer Fusion Analysis, TruSight RNA Pan-Cancer Panel or equivalent). Confirmation of 5' fusion partner genes is not required for study enrollment

• Patients with Ph+ B-ALL must have previously started Induction therapy, which includes vinCRIStine, a corticosteroid, pegaspargase or calaspargase pegol, with or without anthracycline, and/or other standard cytotoxic chemotherapy

• Patients with Ph+ B-ALL have not received more than 14 days of systemic Induction therapy beginning with the first Induction dose of vinCRIStine

• Patients with ABL-class Ph-like B-ALL must have previously completed 4 or 5 weeks of multiagent Induction chemotherapy (Induction 1A)

• Patients may have started either imatinib or dasatinib prior to study entry but should have received no more than 14 days of TKI for Ph+ B-ALL or no more than 35 days of TKI for ABL-class Ph-like B-ALL

• Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of ≤ 2 or Karnofsky and Lansky performance scores ≥ 50%. Use Karnofsky for patients \> 16 years of age and Lansky for patients ≤ 16 years of age

• For pediatric patients (age 1-17 years): a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73 m\^2, as determined by one of the following methods (must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated):

‣ Estimated GFR (eGFR) ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73 m2

⁃ Measured GFR ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 (any age). If measured GFR is used, it must be performed using direct measurement with a nuclear blood sampling method or small molecule clearance method (iothalamate or other molecule per institutional standard

• For adult patients (age 18 years or older): Creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min, as estimated by the Cockcroft and Gault formula. The creatinine value used in the calculation must have been obtained within 28 days prior to registration. Estimated creatinine clearance is based on body weight

• Direct bilirubin \< 2.0 mg/dL (34.2 micromoles/L) (must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 10 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)

• \* Shortening fraction of ≥ 27% by echocardiogram (must be obtained within 21 days prior to enrollment and start of protocol therapy \[repeat if necessary\]) OR

‣ Left Ventricular Ejection fraction of ≥ 50% by radionuclide angiogram or echocardiogram (must be obtained within 21 days prior to enrollment and start of protocol therapy \[repeat if necessary\]) AND

⁃ Corrected QT Interval, QTc \< 480mSec (must be obtained within 21 days prior to enrollment and start of protocol therapy \[repeat if necessary\])

∙ Note: Repeat echocardiogram and electrocardiogram are not required if they were performed at or after initial ALL diagnosis before study enrollment