Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Clinical Trials

Neuropsychiatric conditions such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and autism are characterized by specific deficits in cognitive functions. Thus, neuropsychological assessment is a critical part of the diagnostic process for these conditions. Inhibition is a specific function of interest during these examinations, since it is often affected in patients with ADHD and/or autism. The Five Digits Test (FDT) is a newly developed test measuring inhibition, without requirements of reading ability, and only limited requirements of language proficiency. The aim of this study is to investigate the validity of the FDT in patients with neuropsychiatric conditions. The FDT will be validated using the following research questions: 1. Is the FDT equivalent to the standard neuropsychological test of inhibition, the Color-Word Interference Test from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System in patients with neuropsychiatric conditions? (Convergent validity) 2. Is the FDT consistent with self-assessment of inhibition and behavioral regulation in every day life using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version (BRIEF-A)? (Ecological validity) 3. Are there differences in validity in the first two research questions due to language background or due to reading and writing difficulties? 4. Are there differences between patients with neuropsychiatric conditions and healthy controls in the performance of the FDT?