• Patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, including those with initial diagnoses or recurrent strokes.

• Patients who did not pass the swallowing screening based on the standard swallowing scale.

• Adults aged 18 years and older.

• Vital signs are stable: systolic blood pressure (hemorrhagic \< 160 mmHg, ischemic \< 220 mmHg), heart rate 40-130 beats per minute, and oxygen saturation \> 92%.

• The patient's consciousness is clear, able to express themselves, can communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese, and can follow commands to perform actions.

• The patient can be in a seated position.